Abstract:  Understanding the spatial structure and diversity of fish communities in urban environments is crucial for effective conservation and management. Our study investigates the complexity and spatial structuring of fish communities across urbanized watersheds and waterfronts in the Toronto region, identifying distinct groups based on sampling locations using modularity analysis and partial least square path … Continue reading Theis S.*, Chin, A. T.M., Wallace, A., Cartwright L., Fortin M.J., Poesch, M.S. and Ruppert, J.L.W. (2025) Complexity and spatial structuring of fish communities across urbanized watersheds and waterfronts. Urban Ecosystems.